A healthy lawn needs the benefits of sunshine, good soil and the right amount of water. Unfortunately, these three are not always naturally available. Whether you are looking to put in a new lawn or trying to fix problems with the current one, understanding what the lawn needs will ensure a beautiful lawn that stays healthy with minimal maintenance for years to come.

First, determine the availability of sunlight. If the lawn is south of the house, there will be more sunshine than if it is on the north. With the wide variety of grass types available, it is easy to pick one that will thrive in the amount of sun available. Also remember that larger trees will create more shade as do sheds and other outbuildings. A patch of grass suffering from too little sun can benefit from nearby trees and shrubs being pruned back or from over-seeding with a shade seed instead.

Second, assess the soil conditions. Quality soil not only self-maintains the correct pH balance but also keeps the water level right. However, most soil is not ideal and needs to be improved. Sandy soils allow the water to fall through them too quickly so grass does not get the water it needs. Clay soils absorb the water and keep it, creating muddy areas and standing water. Too much water stresses the grass roots and decreases their development. Loamy soil is the best because it absorbs water until it is saturated and lets the rest drain away. To improve the soil, either add a mix of topsoil, compost, peat moss and sand as a topdressing or remove the poor soil and replace it completely with that same mix.

Third, consider water amounts. If there is too much standing water, installing a French drain or a layer of rocks can help, but the soil needs to be improved too. If the grass seems yellow, it probably is not getting enough water. Grass will go dormant first and will typically grow back green with plenty of watering and patience.  In addition to the methods mentioned above, most lawns require aeration for healthy growth.

Provide the right sun, soil and water conditions and watch your lawn grow green and healthy.

For questions on aeration, also see tow behind aerators and liquid aeration.

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